May 6, 1949

EDSAC runs its first programs

On May 6, 1949, the EDSAC at Cambridge ran its first programs — including a table of squares written by Beatrice Worsley.

What it was for

EDSAC at Cambridge (1948)EDSAC was among the first practical stored-programA design where instructions and data share memory — programs can be loaded and changed without rewiring hardware. computers, keeping both instructions and data in memory. That May day proved Maurice Wilkes's design worked end to end. Wheeler's Initial Orders — a built-in program that translated mnemonic instructions from paper tape — were already in place and would soon be recognized as the first assembler.

Why it's here

EDSAC's first successful run marked stored-programA design where instructions and data share memory — programs can be loaded and changed without rewiring hardware. computing working outside a lab prototype.

Why it mattered

It showed that programs and data could live in the same memory — the model every modern computer uses.

What it solved

Earlier machines like ENIAC were reprogrammed by rewiring; EDSAC loaded new tasks from tape into memory.

Media

  • EDSAC at Cambridge (1948)
    ImageEDSAC at Cambridge (1948)

    Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge. Reproduced by permission. CC BY 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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