June 5, 1991

Phil Zimmermann releases PGP

Phil Zimmermann released Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) 1.0 on June 5, 1991 — bringing public-key email encryption to activists and developers.

What it was for

Phil ZimmermannPGP let anyone encrypt email and files without a central authority — using RSARivest–Shamir–Adleman — a widely used public-key encryption algorithm named after its inventors. and IDEA in the first release. Zimmermann's export investigation made encryption policy a mainstream developer issue and paved the way for OpenPGP standards.

People

  • Phil Zimmermanncreator

Why it's here

PGP democratized strong cryptography for ordinary computer users.

Why it mattered

It proved end-to-end encryption could spread via grassroots distribution, not only government or corporate channels.

What it solved

Email traveled in plaintext and proprietary crypto tools were unavailable to the public.

Media

  • Phil Zimmermann
    ImagePhil Zimmermann

    PRZ_closeup.jpg: User Matt Crypto on en.wikipedia derivative work: Beao, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons