1963

Ivan Sutherland creates Sketchpad

Ivan Sutherland demonstrated Sketchpad in 1963 — the first program to use a light pen for interactive drawing, constraints, and zoom on a computer display.

What it was for

Ivan Sutherland operating SketchpadSketchpad on MITMassachusetts Institute of Technology — a research university central to many computing breakthroughs.'s TX-2 pioneered direct manipulation, object instances, and constraint solving — ideas that became CAD, GUIs, and modern graphics toolkits. Sutherland's PhD work showed computers could be visual design instruments, not just number crunchers.

People

  • Ivan Sutherlandcreator

Why it's here

Sketchpad invented interactive computer graphics and constraint-based drawing.

Why it mattered

It foreshadowed CAD, WYSIWYGWhat You See Is What You Get — editing where the screen closely matches printed output. editors, and graphical user interfaces decades ahead.

What it solved

Engineers drafted on paper with no way to edit geometry or reuse symbols interactively on screen.

Media

  • Ivan Sutherland operating Sketchpad
    ImageIvan Sutherland operating Sketchpad

    Ivan Sutherland / Kerry Rodden scan, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

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